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Dry Eye

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North Toronto Eye Care: An Accredited Dry Eye Centre

Dry Eye Disease (DED) is a multifactorial and often under-diagnosed condition where the eyes either do not produce enough tears or the tears evaporate too quickly due to poor quality. While typically not sight-threatening, untreated DED can lead to worsening symptoms such as itching, discomfort, and irritation, increasing the risk of infection and reduced vision. Proper eye care is essential to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications.

Your doctor and eye care team will conduct a thorough evaluation and appropriate testing to diagnose dry eye and provide a customized treatment plan tailor to your specific needs.

Learn About Dry Eye Therapies

Two Main Types of Dry Eye

Patients can suffer a mixed mechanism of both Aqueous Deficient and Evaporative Dry Eye.

Aqueous Deficient Dry Eye (ADDE)

Aqueous Deficient Dry Eye occurs when the lacrimal glands fail to produce enough tears to maintain a stable and healthy tear film. This insufficiency leads to chronic inflammation of the ocular surface and is strongly associated with autoimmune diseases such as Sjogren’s Syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, and thryoid disease. ADDE is notably more common in women and accounts for approximately 15% of all dry eye cases.

Evaporative Dry Eye

Evaporative Dry Eye, often caused by Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD), occurs when the lipid layer of the tear film is insufficient, leading to rapid tear evaporation. This condition frequently arises from blockages in the meibomian glands, known as chalazion, or from inflammation of the eyelids, such as ocular rosacea or blepharitis. Evaporative Dry Eye is the most common form of dry eye, accounting for approximately 86% of all cases.

Diagnostic testing will determine the type of DED that you have and will help us to further develop a Personalized Treatment Plan.

Lipiscan meibography is an advanced imaging technique that provides a clear view of the meibomian glands. It is particularly useful for detecting issues such as gland atrophy, segmentation, and tortuosity, which are frequently associated with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).

TearLab tear osmolarity testing assesses the homeostasis of tear composition. An increase in tear osmolarity, or hyperosmolarity, is a crucial indicator for diagnosing dry eye disease (DED). This measurement reflects the interplay between tear production, evaporation, and drainage.

InflammaDry MMP-9 Testing is a quick and efficient method for detecting elevated levels of MMP-9, an inflammatory marker commonly present in the tears of patients with dry eye disease (DED). By identifying inflammation, this test aids in guiding targeted treatments, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes.

The HD analyzer evaluates the stability of the tear film by measuring how long it takes for vision to deteriorate after a blink. A more stable tear film leads to a longer break-up time, which signifies higher tear film quality.

OPD topography is a versatile tool that offers a precise evaluation of the corneal surface. It helps identify irregularities that may contribute to dry eye disease (DED) symptoms, ensuring a thorough assessment of corneal health.

Why Do Eyes Become Dry?

Dry Eye Doctors

Theodore Rabinovitch, MD, FRCSC
Theodore Rabinovitch, MD, FRCSC
Tiiu Hess, MD, FRCSC
Tiiu Hess, MD, FRCSC
Tran D. Le, MD, FRCSC
Tran D. Le, MD, FRCSC
Our Location

North Toronto Eye Surgery Centre

Champagne Centre
2 Champagne Dr.
Unit C2 East Entrance
Toronto, Ontario M3J 0K2 Canada

416.792.3043
Mon. - Thurs. 9:00AM – 5:00PM
‍Friday 9:00AM – 3:00PM
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